Acne

Acne Vulgaris is a common skin condition that occurs when hair follicles under the skin become clogged with oil (sebum) and dead skin cells. These blockages can lead to the development of pimples, blackheads, whiteheads, and, in more severe cases, cysts or nodules. Acne is most commonly found on the face, chest, back, and shoulders.

While acne is most prevalent during adolescence due to hormonal changes, it can affect people of all ages. It usually improves with age but can persist into adulthood. In some cases, acne may cause scarring, which can affect a person's confidence and quality of life.

• Whiteheads: Small, flesh-coloured or white bumps under the skin
• Blackheads: Open pores filled with excess oil and dead skin cells that turn black when exposed to air
• Papules: Small red, tender bumps on the skin
• Pustules: Pimples containing pus, often with a red base
• Nodules: Large, painful lumps beneath the surface of the skin
• Cysts: Deep, painful, pus-filled lumps beneath the skin

Acne can vary in severity from a few spots to a more widespread condition that can lead to emotional distress. The severity of acne and the types of spots can influence the most appropriate treatment method.

Your pharmacist may recommend treating your acne with:

• Topical treatments like retinoids or benzoyl peroxide
• Antibiotic creams or oral antibiotics to reduce bacteria and inflammation
• Hormonal treatments (e.g., birth control pills for women) to regulate hormone levels that contribute to acne
• In severe cases, isotretinoin, a potent oral medication, may be prescribed by a dermatologist

In addition to these treatments, you can manage acne with:

• Gently washing your face twice a day with a mild cleanser
• Avoiding harsh scrubbing, which can irritate the skin
• Using non-comedogenic (won’t clog pores) skin care products and makeup
• Keeping hair clean and away from your face to reduce oil transfer

Acne treatment often takes time, and it may take several weeks to notice improvement. For persistent or severe acne, a consultation with a healthcare professional is recommended to determine the most effective treatment plan.